http://home.gedde-dahl.no/fflh/dialog/S5167a.html
A translation of the invitation in Norwegian (norsk utgave se nederst) handed out at
The hiv/aids seminar with Peter Piot, UNAIDS and Forum for aids and development
31. January 2001 in Oslo
Orientation about PLA
(Basic info on PLA in AIDS prevention)(PLA = Participatory Learning and Action = a generic name for PRA and similar methodologies)
Most people who have really studied the question agree that all stakeholders including above all the local population ought to be activated in order to limit the extent and damages of the hiv/aids epidemic. However, such co-operative projects effective in practice in both depth and breath is extremely rare.
The internet site of UNAIDS shows many "Best Practice" projects which have much in common with PLA. In several of these it is said that a holistic approach has given good results (well done in depth but on e.g. a narrow population segment). A consistent holistic approach will consider both treatment/care and prevention and usually give more effects (than those originally focussed) i.e. democratisation, co-operative spirit, empowerment, and other health benefits added to less incidence or hiv/aids related suffering. All the outputs together should be acknowledged and valued by those with resources and authority to make the framework for local projects. This is central in a good PLA-facilitated process..
PLA has been the main approach in MEUSTA which is a program for hiv/aids prevention in and around all primary schools in a region with 1.65 millions inhabitants. Here is much to learn from for facilitators but still more to reflect about for leaders who dears to promote and follow participation methods for real on all levels in the society. We want to congratulate The Norwegian Nurses' Association for their supportive work with this programme (see the electronic PLAnytt no 32 in Norwegian).
The work in MEUSTA will continue with but small external help. Results from the whole project period are not yet evaluated, nor is an interim evaluation published in "serious scientific journals". The evaluations so far judge the project very positively. In relation to the UNAIDS' "Best Practice" projects to date MEUSTA is a very large one. By flexibility and successful interaction between the different objectives and techniques one has developed an effective co-operative culture. Such a culture is difficult to understand without being competent (in practical PLA) to observe such processes.
The Foundation for Local Health Trials and the consultants in Sareptas/Input therefore invite those interested to an interactive information about PLA based on experiences in MEUSTA and other projects (see backside).
Oslo/Tønsberg 31/1-01, With regards Truls W Gedde-Dahl and Ruth Nesje
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Selected references with relevance for the evaluation of PLA-projects concerning hiv/aids (more on request)
S4414a Grosskurth H, et al . Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases on HIV infection in rural Tanzania: randomised controlled trial. Lancet 1995;346:530-6. S4414b Laga M. Commentary: STD control for HIV prevention - it works! Lancet 1995;346:518-9. (Yes, very good but the main info-campaign didn't work)
S4914 Skjelmerud A, Tusubira Chr. Confronting AIDS together. Participatory Methods in addressing the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Oslo 1997 164pp. DiS/Centre for partnership in Development & All Saints Services, Uganda. (100 kr) WCC Publications, Box 2100, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland, tel +4122-791 6111, fax +4122- 798 1346. price. 15 SFr. (reviewed in PLAnytt nr 13 = uke 47-48/1998)
S5143a Nesje R. MEUSTA - Et tverrfaglig HIV/AIDS forebyggende program for barn og unge i Tanga region, Tanzania. Niha-nytt 2000; nr 3: 3-6.
www.niha.no Omtalt i PLAnytt 32 (in Norwegian)S5143b Nesje R. Empowerstrategien krever riktig bruk av PLA metoder - Meusta har utviklet seg til å bli en stor grasrotbevegelse i Tanga, Tanzania og kan synliggjøre PLA's utrolige muligheter og styrke.
http://home.gedde-dahl.no/fflh/dialog/S5143b-nesje.html. (fyldigere enn S5143a) Omtalt i PLAnytt 32 (in Norwegian) [ The strategy of empowering demands correct use of Participatory Learning and Action methods - Meusta has developed to a large grasroot movement in Tanga, Tanzania and can make the unbelievable possibilities and strength of PLA visible.]S5147 Mwateba R L, Pfander B, Kilembe M. MEUSTA external mid-term evaluation report July 1999. Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education and Culture, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, counterparts in Tanga region and Norwegian Nurses' Association, 1999. 100pp. Short review in PLAnytt 32.
Put on the net 21/2-01: http://home.gedde-dahl.no/fflh/dialog/S5147a.html ;Appendices:
http://home.gedde-dahl.no/fflh/dialog/S5147a-app.html ; KAP study results, Tanga region and Same district: http://home.gedde-dahl.no/fflh/dialog/S5147b-KAP.html Observe! This is an evaluation according to reasonable "traditional" goals and evaluation procedures. Thus, empowerment goals and PLA evaluation procedures are NOT applied.S5063 Gedde-Dahl TW. PLA-metoden - noe for leger? - Tidskr Nor Lægeforen 2000;120(nr 29): 3592-4. (finnes på
www.legeforeningen.no/tidsskriftet/) (PLA - something for doctors too? - in Norwegian)S5166
www.unaids.org On this UNAIDS-site p44-48 in the document Innovative Approaches to HIV Prevention they refer to some good projects which point to possible "Best practice" = "What works with ---"S9962 Smith PG, Morrow RH. Methods for field trials of interventions against tropical diseases. A toolbox. UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases. Oxford: Oxford University Press 1991, 326pp. (dealt with on the internet site (see below) the page on trials=forsøk)
U405
http://home.gedde-dahl.no/fflh) Fondet for Lokale helseforsøk: PLAnytt for tilretteleggere./ Web for The Foundation for Local Health Trials: "PLA news" for facilitators (mostly in Norwegian)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Response to the invitation to an interactive information meeting on PLA and MEUSTA .On this meeting you will be informed about the possibilities to:
- evaluate finished projects with PLA
- modify running projects with PLA
- plan new projects with PLA (one can - and often ought to - begin modest)
- use PLA for organisation development
based on the experiences from MEUSTA and other sources
NB! It is strongly recommended that at least two persons from the same organization participate together.
This response letter concerns: Organisation:…..Name 1:…..Name 2:…….More names:
|__| Yes, we want to participate to be able to judge if we want to get more competence in ourselves or our co-workers for PLA practice
|__| No, we are not interested because …
|__| Free comments:
We prefer time and place for the meeting as follows (tick alternative wanted)
6. Feb at 16-18 in Oslo: priority: |__| first, |__| second, |__| not possible; Etc.
If the enrolment is satisfactory we ask the organiser to give us the message about the time and place decided to: name: ……..by phone ……………… or e-mail: This response should be sent soon to:
Fondet for Lokale helseforsøk , Høgåsvn 68, 1259 Oslo. eller
twgdahl@online.noor Input/Sareptas, Vestfjordvn. 73, 3142 Vestskogen eller
ruth.nesje@c2i.net------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Den opprinnelige norske utgaven:
Orienteringsmøte om PLA
(PLA = Participatory Learning and Action = et fellesnavn for PRA og nærstående metodikker)
Det er vel alminnelig anerkjent at alle berørte parter og ikke minst lokalbefolkningen bør aktiveres for å kunne begrense utbredelsen og skadevirkningene av hiv/aids-epidemien. Det har imidlertid vært lettere sagt enn gjort å få både dybde og bredde i slike samarbeid.
UNAIDS trekker fram på sitt nettsted (S5166) mange "Best Practice" prosjekter som har mye til felles med PLA. I flere av disse prosjektene understrekes det at en holistisk tilnærming har gitt gode resultater. En slik tilnærming vil ta hensyn til både behandling og forebygging og vil som regel gi flere effekter enn de som i utgangspunktet var de sentrale (f.eks. demokratisering, samarbeidsånd, mestringsstyrking, andre helsegevinster i tillegg til mindre insidens og andre direkte hiv/aids-relaterte virkninger. Et samlet utbytte må anerkjennes som legitim prosjektverdi av de som har penger og myndighet til å sette rammebetingelser. Dette er sentralt i PLA.
PLA har vært hovedtilnærmingen i MEUSTA som er et forebyggingsprogram i og omkring alle grunnskolene i en region med 1,65 millioner innbyggere. Her er mye å lære for tilretteleggere men ennå mer å tenke over for ledere som våger å arbeide for at metoder for reell brukermedvirkning etter hvert skal kunne prege arbeidet på virkelig alle nivåer i samfunnet. Vi må bare gratulere Norsk Sykepleieforbund hjerteligst med sin medvirkningsrolle i dette programmet. (Fra PLAnytt 32)
Arbeidet i MEUSTA fortsetter med liten hjelp utenfra. Resultatene fra den norskstøttede oppstartperioden er likevel verken ferdig registrert eller publisert "i seriøse tidsskrifter". I forhold til nevnte "Best Practice" prosjekter er MEUSTA svært omfattende. Ved fleksibilitet og vellykket samspill mellom de ulike hensyn og teknikker har man fått til en god samarbeidskultur. Et slikt samspill er vanskelig helt å forstå uten sjøl som PLA-kompetent å kunne observere prosesser direkte.
Fondet for Lokale helseforsøk og konsulentfirma Sareptas/Input innbyr derfor med dette interesserte til en interaktiv orientering om PLA ut fra bl.a. erfaringene i MEUSTA ( se baksiden).
Oslo/Tønsberg 31/1-01, vennlig hilsen Truls W Gedde-Dahl og Ruth Nesje
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Litteratur se ovenfor (men web-adressene til Meusta-evalueringen er kommet til seinere)
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Litt av: Svar på innbydelsen til et interaktivt orienteringsmøte om PLA ut fra bl.a. MEUSTA .
På møtet vil dere kunne få vite litt mer om mulighetene til å
- evaluere ferdige prosjekter med PLA
- justere løpende prosjekter med PLA
- planlegge nye prosjekter med PLA (man kan - og bør ofte - begynne i det små)
- drive intern organisasjonsutvikling med PLA
ut fra erfaringene i MEUSTA og fra annet hold.
osv. se engelske tekst